| BRISBANE | Australian city - the capital of Queensland - which was founded as a penal colony (8) |
| MELBOURNE | Australian city, the capital of Victoria (9) |
| FLORENCE | It was founded as a Roman military colony about the 1st century BCE. It is the capital of Tuscany. In The Taming of the Shrew (act 1, scene 1), Lucentio says, "A merchant of great traffic through the |
| TASMANIA | Australian state (26,410 sq miles; pop about 530,000), founded as a penal colony in 1803 (8) |
| BLUECOAT | Type of charity school, the first of which was founded by Edward VI in 1552 (8) |
| CHARTRES | French city; the capital of the Eure-et-Loir department, famous for its Gothic cathedral (8) |
| NINTENDO | Japanese video game company which was founded in 1889 as a playing card manufacturing company (8) |
| HOBART | Australian state capital (pop 200,000), founded as a penal colony in 1804 (6) |
| PAPILLON | 1969 memoir by Henri Charriere about his imprisonment at a penal colony in French Guiana (8) |
| SYDNEY | Major city founded as a penal colony |
| ADVERTISER | What is the short name of the Australian capital city daily newspaper, now a tabloid, which was founded by the Reverend John Henry Barrow in 1858? (10) |
| SANCTION | Countenance a penal embargo on trade (8) |
| YEREVAN | Inhabited since the 8th century and known as the "Pink City", the capital of Armenia with a population of approximately one million (7) |
| STOCKADE | A penal camp |
| TELAVIV | Which city in Israel was founded as a suburb of Jaffa by Russian Jewish immigrants in 1909? (3,4) |
| NUNNERY | Religious home for women, such as the Convent of Santa Clara in the old town of Palma, Mallorca which was founded by the Franciscan order in 1256 (7) |
| STETIENNE | During the French Revolution, which city, the capital of Loire department, was re-named Armeville be |
| CHENGDU | In which city, the capital of Sichuan province, did the commercial use of paper money begin? (7) |
| NORFOLK | Island in the Pacific Ocean which was a penal colony until 1855 (7) |
| NANNING | Known as the Green City, the capital of Guangxi in southern China (7) |
