| SCHLEGEL | Friedrich -, German philosopher whose works include Lucinde and Alarcos |
| NIETZSCHE | Friedrich -, German philosopher whose works include 1886's Beyond Good and Evil (9) |
| HEGEL | Georg Wilhelm Friedrich ___, German philosopher whose works include The Phenomenology of Mind |
| SCHOPENHAUER | Arthur ?, German philosopher whose works include The World as Will and Idea (12) |
| FRIEDRICH | German philosopher whose works include Beyond Good and Evil (9,9) |
| KANT | German philosopher whose works include the Critique of Pure Reason |
| SPENGLER | Oswald ___, German philosopher whose works include the two-volume The Decline of the West (8) |
| AYER | A J ___, English philosopher whose works include Language, Truth and Logic (4) |
| PLATO | Athenian philosopher whose works include Apology, Phaedo, Symposium and Republic (5) |
| MILL | British philosopher whose works include On Liberty (1859) and Utilitarianism (1861) |
| IMMANUELKANT | German idealist philosopher whose works include a Critique of Pure Reason |
| AUGASTINEOFHIPPO | Early Christian theologian and philosopher whose works include The City of God (9,2,5) |
| ROUSSEAU | Jean-Jacques ___, 18th-century political philosopher whose works include The Social Contract (8) |
| LOCKE | John ?, English liberal philosopher whose works include 1693's Some Thoughts Concerning Education |
| HUME | David ---, 18th-century Scottish philosopher whose works include A Treatise of Human Nature |
| SPINOZA | Baruch, 17th-century Dutch philosopher whose works include Ethica (7) |
| ENGELS | Friedrich ---, German philosopher who co-authored The Communist Manifesto (6) |
| REID | Thomas ___, Scottish philosopher whose works include An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principle |
| ARISTOTLE | Ancient Greek philosopher whose works included pioneering studies of logic, biology and politics |
| SCHILLER | Friedrich - - -, German poet, dramatist, historian and philosopher (8) |
