| FIRSTHARMONIC | In music, the "fundamental" or lowest note obtainable from a length of wind instrument tubing |
| ELEMENT | One of the fundamental or irreducible components making up a whole. (7) |
| TURBAN | Fashioned from a length of cloth, a tulip-shaped headdress whose Turkish name is the source of the aforesaid flower's name (6) |
| HIV | Francoise Barre-Sinoussi, a French virologist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2008, did the fundamental work in identifying ___ as the cause of AIDS |
| SOLSTICE | From the Latin for "sun", either the shortest day of the year or its longest, when said star reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon (8) |
| TREMOLO | In music, the rapid repetition of a single note produced by a back-and-forth movement of the bow on a string instrument (7) |
| GAMUT | Word originally for the lowest note in the scale in medieval music, later meaning the complete range of something such as emotions (5) |
| SARI | Indian garment fashioned from a length of cotton or silk elaborately draped/swathed around the body (4) |
| ENVELOPE | Paper wrapper for a letter; the canopy of a hot-air balloon; or, in music, the "shape" of a sound |
| BIND | A stem of the hop plant; a tie in music; the clay between layers of coal; or, a statutory constraint (4) |
| CODA | In music, the final part of a fairly long piece which is added in order to finish it off in a pleasing way (4) |
| SEMITONE | In music, the distance in pitch between a note and its nearest neighbour on the piano keyboard (8) |
| COMPASS | In music, the complete range of notes that any voice or instrument is capable of producing (7) |
| FLAT | In music, the sign which, when placed before a note, lowers it in pitch by a semitone (4) |
| ROOT | In music, the note forming the foundation of a chord (4) |
| MEDIANT | In music, the third note of a major or minor scale |
| NOTE | In music, the sound of a particular pitch, or a written symbol representing that sound (4) |
| FLUTINA | Most of wind instrument in a kind of accordion (7) |
| RANGE | Pitch difference between the highest and lowest notes a voice or musical instrument can produce (5) |
| ETHOS | Greek word meaning "character" for the fundamental values or spirit of a people, individual or era (5) |
